Allgemein — Piraterie 2008 — UN-Resolution 1816 (Update)

Von Michael Stehr
(Dr. Michael Stehr ist in der Redak­tion des Marine­Fo­rum zuständig für Fra­gen des See- und Völkerrechts) 

Erst­mals existiert eine Res­o­lu­tion des Sicher­heit­srates der Vere­in­ten Natio­nen (UN-SC), die die seefahren­den Mächte zur Bekämp­fung der Pira­terie ermächtigt und aufruft. Ziel sind allein die Pirat­en am Horn von Afri­ka. Die pro­vi­sorische Über­gangsregierung (TFG — Tran­si­tion­al Fed­er­al Gov­ern­ment) hat aus­drück­lich darum gebeten, dass fremde Mächte auch in ihrem Hoheits­ge­bi­et gegen die krim­inellen Ban­den vorge­hen. Die ver­schiede­nen soma­lis­chen Region­al­regime ver­fü­gen nicht über mar­itime Kapaz­itäten. Der Sicher­heit­srat äußert in der Res­o­lu­tion seine Sorge um die Sicher­heit des inter­na­tionalen Seev­erkehrs in den Gewässern am Horn von Afri­ka. Die Res­o­lu­tion wurde ein­stim­mig beschlossen. 

Res­o­lu­tion des UN-SC Nr. 1816 vom 2. Juni 2008 :

„The Secu­ri­ty Coun­cil,
…
Act­ing under Chap­ter VII of the Char­ter of the Unit­ed Nations,
1. Con­demns and deplores all acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery against ves­sels in ter­ri­to­r­i­al waters and the high seas off the coast of Soma­lia;
2. Urges States whose naval ves­sels and mil­i­tary air­craft oper­ate on the high seas and air­space off the coast of Soma­lia to be vig­i­lant to acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery and, in this con­text, encour­ages, in par­tic­u­lar, States inter­est­ed in the use of com­mer­cial mar­itime routes off the coast of Soma­lia, to increase and coor­di­nate their efforts to deter acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery at sea in coop­er­a­tion with the TFG;
3. Urges all States to coop­er­ate with each oth­er, with the IMO and, as appro­pri­ate, with the rel­e­vant region­al orga­ni­za­tions in con­nec­tion with, and share infor­ma­tion about, acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery in the ter­ri­to­r­i­al waters and on the high seas off the coast of Soma­lia, and to ren­der assis­tance to ves­sels threat­ened by or under attack by pirates or armed rob­bers, in accor­dance with rel­e­vant inter­na­tion­al law; …
7. Decides that for a peri­od of six months from the date of this res­o­lu­tion,
States coop­er­at­ing with the TFG in the fight against pira­cy and armed rob­bery at sea off the coast of Soma­lia, for which advance noti­fi­ca­tion has been pro­vid­ed by the TFG to the Sec­re­tary-Gen­er­al, may:
(a) Enter the ter­ri­to­r­i­al waters of Soma­lia for the pur­pose of repress­ing acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery at sea, in a man­ner con­sis­tent with such action per­mit­ted on the high seas with respect to pira­cy under rel­e­vant inter­na­tion­al law;
and
(b) Use, with­in the ter­ri­to­r­i­al waters of Soma­lia, in a man­ner con­sis­tent with action per­mit­ted on the high seas with respect to pira­cy under rel­e­vant inter­na­tion­al law, all nec­es­sary means to repress acts of pira­cy and armed rob­bery;
…”

Die Hand­lungser­mäch­ti­gung der Res­o­lu­tion wird erst ver­ständlich, wenn man die Vorschriften des Seerecht­sübereinkom­mens (SRÜ) mit heranzieht.